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Francesco
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Luxembourg
9378 Posts
Posted - 21/04/2013 :  16:56:54  Show Profile  Email Poster  Visit Francesco's Homepage  Reply with Quote
By knowing the interest (and the big confusion in the identification) in this genus, I provide a key to the African Xystrocera.

The possibility to insert new pictures or to improve the already written key with distribution and biology will allow having a more and more complete guide... thank to your help!
In the next time, we can hopefully change the title in "Key to the genus Xystrocera" also including Asian species.
So, I suggest you to periodically check this guide, since new updates could have been added.

Francesco
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Luxembourg
9378 Posts
Posted - 21/04/2013 :  17:25:02  Show Profile  Email Poster  Visit Francesco's Homepage  Reply with Quote
Generality

Xystrocera Audinet-Serville, 1834 is a genus belonging to the tribe Xystrocerini Blanchard, 1845.

The main character of this genus is a more or less angulated apex of the scape, which can sometimes form a distinct spine.
This character is also present in several Callichromatini and in few other Xystrocerini.

With respect to Callichromatini, Xystrocerini differ in the corneous ligula (peculiar character of the tribe!) and in the coarsely faceted (= nocturnal ) eyes.

With respect to Xystrocerini, the apical spine is also present in the genus Listrocerum Chevrolat, 1855 (= Psathyrus Thomson, 1857, Combesius Lepesme, 1950), Diptychoeme Aurivillius, 1914 and Catoeme Aurivillius, 1908, which nevertheless have a slimmer body and in the genus Xystroceroides Lepesme, 1948, which nevertheless has spined elytra (here).

Moreover, Xystrocera is carachterised by very short head, vertical forehead, flattened elytra, adsperate antennae, and flattened tibiae.
Except for the scape, it does not differ much from Oeme (here).
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Francesco
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Luxembourg
9378 Posts
Posted - 21/04/2013 :  17:32:20  Show Profile  Email Poster  Visit Francesco's Homepage  Reply with Quote
Key to the groups

  • Elytra with uniform dull color, lateral margins more or less obscured... Group 1

  • Elytra with scattered dark spots... Group 2

  • Elytra with a longitudinal band on the disc... Group 3

  • Elytra with uniform metallic colour... Group 4
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Francesco
Forum Admin

Luxembourg
9378 Posts
Posted - 21/04/2013 :  17:34:51  Show Profile  Email Poster  Visit Francesco's Homepage  Reply with Quote
Group 1

African species

  • 1 Body uniformly shining black ... Xystrocera nigrita Audinet-Serville, 1834
    Distribution    : Senegal, Guinea, Sierra Leone, Mali, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Benin, Nigeria, Niger, Chad, Cameroon, Central Africa, Gabon, Congo, Zaire, Angola, Uganda, Kenya, Zambia. Introduced in São Tomé and Cabo Verde

    Photo Gyula Vida


  • - Body brown with little or no green reflections ... 2


  • 2 Elytra with a very wide green lateral band ... Xystrocera dundensis Lepesme, 1948
    Distribution    : Zaire, Angola

  • -Elytra with a narrow lateral band ... 4.



  • 3 Apex of femurs reddish yellow ... Xystrocera rufobrunnea Breuning, 1957
    Distribution    : Togo

  • -Femurs unicolor ... 4.


  • Xystrocera marginipennis Murray, 1870
    Distribution    : Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Nigeria, Cameroon, Central African Republic

    • Photo Gérard Chemin


  • Xystrocera granulipennis Breuning, 1957
    Distribution    : Zaire, Uganda, Ethiopia, Kenya
    Elytra granulate with evident green reflections

    Photo Larry Bezark


  • Xystrocera sudanica Breuning, 1957
    Distribution    : Sudan, Ethiopia
    similar to nigrita, but dark brown, with raised elytral ridge


  • Xystrocera unicolor Martins, 1980
    Distribution    : Ethiopia
    without horse-shoe sculpture


  • Xystrocera elongata Breuning, 1957
    Distribution    : Ethiopia, Kenya
    elongated, uniformly light brown


  • Xystrocera ugandensis Martins, 1980
    Distribution    : Uganda
    pronotum strongly transverse


  • Xystrocera devittata Kolbe, 1893
    Distribution    : Tanzania


  • Xystrocera ferreirae Martins, 1980
    Distribution    : Mozambique


  • Xystrocera ruficornis Ferreira, 1954
    Distribution    : Rhodesia


  • Xystrocera erosa Pascoe, 1864
    Distribution    : Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Botswana, South Africa, Lesotho

    • Photo Denis Potanin

  • Xystrocera natalensis Ferreira, 1954
    Distribution    : South Africa



Oriental species
  • 1. Elytral apex spined ... Xystrocera apiculata Pascoe, 1869
    Distribution    : Indonesia, New Guinea

    Photo Gérard Chemin


  • - Elytral apex mutic ... 2


  • 2 Elytra with a very wide green lateral band ... Xystrocera festiva Thomson, 1861
    Distribution    : Myanmar, Thailand, Malaysia, Laos, Vietnam, Borneo, Indonesia (Sumatra, Java)

    Photo Cristian Pella

  • -Elytra unicolor ... 3


  • 3 Shining black, similar to X. erosa ... Xystrocera australasiae Hope, 1842 (living specimen here)
    Distribution: Australia


  • -Elytra brown, with more or less green reflections ... Xystrocera virescens Newman, 1840 (living specimen here)
    Distribution: Australia


  • -Elytra dull brown ... Xystrocera brunnea Aurivillius, 1924
    Distribution: Malaysia, Borneo, Sumatra

    Photo Andre Skale
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Francesco
Forum Admin

Luxembourg
9378 Posts
Posted - 21/04/2013 :  17:45:07  Show Profile  Email Poster  Visit Francesco's Homepage  Reply with Quote
Group 2

  • Xystrocera ansorgei Gahan, 1898
    Distribution    : Uganda, Kenya

    Photo Carlo Vitali


  • Xystrocera flavovariegata Breuning, 1957
    Distribution    : Ethiopia

  • Xystrocera fuscomaculata Breuning, 1957
    Distribution    : Congo

  • Xystrocera skeletoides Breuning, 1957
    Distribution    : Malawi, Kenya

    Photo Carlo Vitali
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Francesco
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Luxembourg
9378 Posts
Posted - 21/04/2013 :  18:03:14  Show Profile  Email Poster  Visit Francesco's Homepage  Reply with Quote
Group 3
  • 1 Elytra with 4 large spots ... Xystrocera interrupta Jordan, 1903
    • Distribution: Cameroon, São Tomé and Príncipe, Central Africa, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Zaire, Kenya, Uganda

    photo Carlo Vitali

  • - Elytra with a simple longitudinal band ... 2


  • 2 Elytral band short ... Xystrocera abrupta Aurivillius, 1908
    • Distribution: Cameroon, Central Africa, Zaire, Chad, Congo, Angola, Uganda, Tanzania

    Photo Carlo Vitali

  • - Elytral band reaching the apex ... 3


  • 3 Pronotum with a large red spot divided by a longitudinal green line ... Xystrocera globosa (Olivier, 1795)
    Distribution    : Pakistan, Ceylon, India, Nepal, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, China, Taiwan, Korea, Malaysia, Indonesia (Sumatra Java Timor Celebes), Philippines, New Guinea, Australia. Introduced in Israel, Arabia, Egypt, Mauritius, Comoros, Madagascar, Tahiti, Marquesas, New Caledonia, Hawaii...

    Photo Gyula Vida


  • - Pronotum with a V-shaped discal area ... 4



  • 4 Pronotum subcylindrical; elytra with a narrow band ... Xystrocera dispar Fahraeus, 1872
    Distribution: south-eastern Africa from Saudi Arabia to South Africa.

    Photo Carlo Vitali


  • - Pronotum globose; elytra with a wide band ... Xystrocera vittata (Fabricius, 1792)
    • Distribution: Senegal, Guinea, Sierra Leone, Mali, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Niger, Cameroon

    Photo Pierre Haller
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Francesco
Forum Admin

Luxembourg
9378 Posts
Posted - 21/04/2013 :  18:27:21  Show Profile  Email Poster  Visit Francesco's Homepage  Reply with Quote
Group 4

Key to the subgroups:

1. Elytra with a pubescent suture ...... 2
-. Elytra without a pubescent suture ... 3

2. Male pronotum with a V-shaped area (1 West-African species)... Group 4a


-. Male pronotum with a triangular area... Group 4b


3. Eyes small, male pronotum with a triangular area (species of Southeastern Africa) ... Group 4c
-. Eyes big .... 4

4. Male pronotum shining, without a sexual punctures (species of the Gulf of Guinea) ... Group 4d
-. Male pronotum with a sexual puncture ... 5

5. Male pronotum with a U-shaped area, pygidium nearly straight at apex ... Group 4e

-. Male pronotum with a V-shaped area, pygidium notched at apex ... Group 4f
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Francesco
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Luxembourg
9378 Posts
Posted - 21/04/2013 :  18:34:44  Show Profile  Email Poster  Visit Francesco's Homepage  Reply with Quote
Group 4a

  • Xystrocera velutina Jordan, 1894
    • Distribution: Ivory Coast, Ghana, Cameroon, Zaire, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Congo

    Photo Pierre Haller (above) and Francesco Vitali (under)
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Francesco
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Luxembourg
9378 Posts
Posted - 21/04/2013 :  18:59:28  Show Profile  Email Poster  Visit Francesco's Homepage  Reply with Quote
Group 4b

  • 1 Metatibiae strongly widened; body colour green to violet; legs red or black ... Xystrocera frontalis Thomson, 1858
    • Distribution: Dahomey, Nigeria, Cameroon, Zaire, Gabon, Congo, Angola

    Photo Carlo Vitali
  • - Metatibiae normal ... 2


  • 2 Lateral margins of elytra strongly pubescent ...Xystrocera pauliani Lepesme & Breuning, 1951
    Distribution: Guinea, Ivory Coast

  • - Lateral margin of elytra hairless ... 3


  • Xystrocera gracilipes Breuning, 1957
    Distribution: Zaire

  • Xystrocera granulithorax Breuning, 1964
    Distribution: Zaire

  • Xystrocera holatripes Breuning, 1957
    Distribution: Zaire

  • Xystrocera minuta Jordan, 1894
    Distribution: Zaire, Gabon, Congo

  • Xystrocera pseudosimilis Breuning, 1957
    Distribution: Uganda, Tanzania

  • Xystrocera similis Jordan, 1894
    Distribution: Cameroon, Zaire, Gabon, Congo, Kenya, Tanzania

    Photo Riana


  • Xystrocera violascens Franz, 1942
    Distribution: Ferdinando Poo, Cameroon, Gabon[/*]
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Francesco
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Luxembourg
9378 Posts
Posted - 21/04/2013 :  19:12:40  Show Profile  Email Poster  Visit Francesco's Homepage  Reply with Quote

Group 4c

  • 1. Antennomeres VI-VII strongly inflated ... Xystrocera antennata Adlbauer, 2011
    Distribution: Central Africa

  • -. Antennomeres VI-VII normal ... 2.



  • 2. Antennomeres III-V inflated ... Xystrocera vicina Ferreira, 1954
    Distribution: South Africa

  • -. Antennomeres II-V normal ... Xystrocera chalybeata Gahan, 1890
    Distribution: Tanzania, Malawi, Zambia, Zimbabwe, South Africa

    Photo Riana
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Francesco
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Luxembourg
9378 Posts
Posted - 21/04/2013 :  21:16:47  Show Profile  Email Poster  Visit Francesco's Homepage  Reply with Quote
Group 4d

  • 1 Femurs red ... Xystrocera curvipes Breuning, 1957
    Distribution: Guinea, Ghana, Togo

  • - Femurs black ... 2.


  • 2 Antennomeres II-V bicolor ... Xystrocera teocchii Adlbauer, 2011
    Distribution: Central African Republic

  • - Antennomeres II-V black or brown ... 3.


  • 3 Tibiae bowed; pronotum blue ... Xystrocera cyanella Chevrolat, 1855
    Distribution: Ivory Coast, Nigeria, Cameroon, Gabon, Congo

  • - Tibiae straight; pronotum copper-red ... Xystrocera minuscula Breuning, 1957
    Distribution: Gabon, Zaire
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Francesco
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Luxembourg
9378 Posts
Posted - 21/04/2013 :  21:18:30  Show Profile  Email Poster  Visit Francesco's Homepage  Reply with Quote
Group 4e

  • 1 Elytra punctured ... Xystrocera asperata Thomson, 1858
    Distribution:     Cameroon, Central African Republic, Zaire, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Congo, Angola

    Photo Gérard Chemin


  • 2 Elytra granulose ... Xystrocera laeta Péringuey, 1892
    Distribution: Congo, Malawi, Namibia, Zambia, Zimbabwe

    Photo Carlo Vitali
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Francesco
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Luxembourg
9378 Posts
Posted - 21/04/2013 :  21:23:04  Show Profile  Email Poster  Visit Francesco's Homepage  Reply with Quote
Group 4f
  • 1 Antennomere III spined ... Xystrocera buquetii Thomson, 1858
    • Distribution: Gabon

    Drawing James Thomson

  • - Antennomere III normal ... 2


  • 2 Eastern species ... 3

  • - Western species ... 4


  • 3 Scape red... Xystrocera bomfordi Veiga-Ferreira, 1971
    • Distribution: Mozambique

    Photo Patrick G.

  • - Scape black
    Distribution: Tanzania

  • -Xystrocera orientalis Breuning, 1961

  • -Xystrocera cyanipennis Breuning, 1957


  • 4 Elytra with feeble metallic reflections ...Xystrocera lujae Hintz, 1911 (Holotype here)
    • Distribution: Zaire, Angola

    Photo Carlo Vitali

  • - Elytra with strong metallic reflections... 5


  • 5 Elytra granulose ... 6

  • - Elytra punctured ... 8


  • 6 Antennae red ... Xystrocera conradti Breuning, 1957
    • Distribution: Togo

    Photo Dominique Poirier-Ducrocq

  • -Antennae black; scape sometimes red ... 7


  • 7 Femurs red at apex ... Xystrocera femorata Chevrolat, 1855
    • Distribution: Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Nigeria, Cameroon

    Photo Laurent Péru

  • - Femurs black at apex ... Xystrocera nitidicollis Quedenfeldt, 1883
    • Distribution: Zaire, Congo, Angola

    Photo Carlo Vitali

  • 8 Xystrocera boulardi Breuning & Téocchi, 1972
    • Distribution: Central Africa

  • Xystrocera matilei Breuning & Téocchi, 1972
    • Distribution: Central Africa

  • Xystrocera viridilucens Breuning, 1957
    • Distribution: Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo
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horshehden
Member Purpuricenus

Czech Republic
424 Posts
Posted - 26/04/2013 :  21:05:04  Show Profile  Email Poster  Reply with Quote
Good idea!

However, which group is X. villiersi Breuning & Teocchi 1972?
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Francesco
Forum Admin

Luxembourg
9378 Posts
Posted - 29/04/2013 :  22:35:37  Show Profile  Email Poster  Visit Francesco's Homepage  Reply with Quote
quote:
Originally posted by horshehden

Good idea!
However, which group is X. villiersi Breuning & Teocchi 1972?
It is synonym of Xystrocera marginipennis Murray, 1870
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pierre22
Member Purpuricenus

France
144 Posts
Posted - 13/10/2017 :  07:25:08  Show Profile  Email Poster  Reply with Quote
Merci Francesco pour cette clé super intéressante et très bien décrite sur cette espèce

Je vais me régaler à l'étudier

Pierre
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